The focus of Ghosts, Spies, and Grandmothers was looking back on contemporary “Asia” where they shared experiences of intense colonization, the Cold War, rapid economic growth and social change in a short period of time. “Ghosts” from the title stand for the forgotten history and traditions of Asia, “spies” symbolize the memories of the Cold War, and the “grandmothers” are metaphors of “women and time.” The Biennale looked upon the modern and contemporary history of Asia as the birthplace of Buddhism, Confucianism, Shamanism, Taoism, Hinduism and examined how contemporary artists discovered the traditions of such spiritual culture. It also brought attention local diversity of the Cold War, which cannot be seen as simply a competition between the USA and the Soviet Union and witnessed how the creations of media artists are look similar to the vast range of subjects related to “spy” including taboo, asylum, the hacking of computer networks, code interpretation and information and communication methods. On the other hand, “grandmother” here was a powerless being against authority, but also represented endurance and compassion which can be reflected upon as an active value surpassing such power in the moral sense.